Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University Publication_Date: 20191010 Title: 2015 Urban Extents from VIIRS and MODIS for the Continental U.S. Using Machine Learning Methods Edition: 1.00 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster, map, map service Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Palisades, NY Publisher: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.7927/a49b-sm16 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Liu, X., A. de Sherbinin and Y. Zhan Publication_Date: 20190527 Title: Mapping Urban Extent at Large Spatial Scales Using Machine Learning Methods with VIIRS Nighttime Light and MODIS Daytime NDVI Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: journal article Series_Information: Series_Name: Remote Sensing Issue_Identification: 11(10): 1247 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101247 Description: Abstract: The 2015 Urban Extents from VIIRS and MODIS for the Continental U.S. Using Machine Learning Methods data set models urban settlements in the Continental United States (CONUS) as of 2015. When applied to the combination of daytime spectral and nighttime lights satellite data, the machine learning methods achieved high accuracy at an intermediate-resolution of 500 meters at large spatial scales. The input data for these models were two types of satellite imagery: Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Nighttime Light (NTL) data from the Day/Night Band (DNB), and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) corrected daytime Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Although several machine learning methods were evaluated, including Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Neural Network (NN), and the Ensemble of RF, GBM, and NN (ESB), the highest accuracy results were achieved with NN, and those results were used to delineate the urban extents in this data set. Purpose: To provide representations of urban areas in the Continental U.S. in the year 2015 to support sustainable urban development planning in accordance with the growth of urban areas. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20150101 Ending_Date: 20151231 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -180.000000 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 180.000000 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 84.000000 South_Bounding_Coordinate: -56.000000 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: SEDAC Theme Theme_Keyword: Remote Sensing Theme_Keyword: Urban Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Granularity Theme_Keyword: Country Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO Topic Theme_Keyword: Society Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: GCMD Science Keywords, Version 8.6 Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > BOUNDARIES Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CIESIN Location Terms, Version 3.1 Place_Keyword: United States of America Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). Users are free to use, copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt the work for commercial and non-commercial purposes, without restriction, as long as clear attribution of the source is provided. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: CIESIN, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, P.O. Box 1000 City: Palisades State_or_Province: New York Postal_Code: 10964 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 845-365-8920 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 845-365-8922 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ciesin.info@ciesin.columbia.edu Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/downloads/maps/urbanspatial/urbanspatial-urban-extents-viirs-modis-us-2015/urbanspatial-urban-extents-viirs-modis-us-2015-thumbnail.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: VIIRS/MODIS Urban Extents Using Neural Network Method (2015): Continental U.S. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.008330 Longitude_Resolution: 0.008330 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: CIESIN, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, P.O. Box 1000 City: Palisades State_or_Province: New York Postal_Code: 10964 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 845-365-8920 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 845-365-8922 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ciesin.info@ciesin.columbia.edu Resource_Description: CIESIN_SEDAC_USPAT_USUEXT2015 Distribution_Liability: CIESIN follows procedures designed to ensure that data disseminated by CIESIN are of reasonable quality. If, despite these procedures, users encounter apparent errors or misstatements in the data, they should contact SEDAC User Services at +1 845-365-8920 or via email at ciesin.info@ciesin.columbia.edu. Neither CIESIN nor NASA verifies or guarantees the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of any data provided. CIESIN provides this data without warranty of any kind whatsoever, either expressed or implied. CIESIN shall not be liable for incidental, consequential, or special damages arising out of the use of any data provided by CIESIN. Standard_Order_Process: Fees: 0 Ordering_Instructions: The data in Georeferenced Tagged Image File Format (.tif); the maps in Portable Document Format (.pdf), and Portable Network Graphics (.png) formats; and the web map services are available from the NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF File_Decompression_Technique: Unzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/urbanspatial-urban-extents-viirs-modis-us-2015/data-download Access_Instructions: Data accessible via the data set landing page. 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Box 1000 City: Palisades State_or_Province: New York Postal_Code: 10964 Country: United States Contact_Voice_Telephone: +1 845-365-8988 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: +1 845-365-8922 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: metadata@ciesin.columbia.edu Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time