REFERENCES: Land-Use and Land-Cover Change, 3.2 The Causes and Processes of Deforestation

resource:	Allen, J.C. and Barnes, D.F. 1985. The Causes of Deforestation in Developing Countries. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 75(2):163-184.
title:	The Causes of Deforestation in Developing Countries.
keywords:	Deforestation

resource:	Amelung, T., and Diehl, M. 1992. Deforestation in tropical rain forests: Economic causes and impact on development. Tubingen, Germany:J.C.B. Mohr.
title:	Deforestation in tropical rain forests: Economic causes and impact on development.

resource:	Anderson, A. 1990. Smokestacks in the rainforest: Industrial development and deforestation in the Amazon Basin. World Development 18(9):1191-1205.
title:	Smokestacks in the rainforest: Industrial development and deforestation in the Amazon Basin.
abstract:	Anderson illustrates the role of industrial development--and the demand for fuelwood--in destruction of Amazon Basin forests.

resource:	Dodds, D. J. 1998. Population growth and forest cover change in the Rio Plátano biosphere reserve, Honduras. Center for the Study of Institutions, Population, and Environmental Change. Indiana University.
abstract:	This study constructs a time series of demographic data, aerial photographs, and satellite imagery to quantify changes in population and agricultural intensification for three communities within the northern Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve.
URLs:	http://www.cipec.org/research/demography/dodds_ppr.html

resource:	Drigo, R. and Marcoux, A. 1999. Population dynamics and the assessment of land use changes and deforestation. Food and Agriculture Organization for the United Nations.
title:	Population dynamics and the assessment of land use changes and deforestation.
abstract:	Focuses on Amazonian deforestation in relation to population dynamics.
URLs:	http://www.fao.org/sd/WPdirect/WPan0030.htm

resource:	Geist, H.J. and Lambin, E.F. 2001. What drives dropical deforestation? LUCC Project Report Series No. 4. Belgium: Louvain-la-Neuve.
title:	What drives dropical deforestation?
abstract:	Based on a meta-analysis of 152 sub-national case studies, this book addresses in a comprehensive manner the causes and drivers of deforestation.
note:	Visit the LUCC Project publications page for a PDF version of the book.
URLs:	http://www.geo.ucl.ac.be/LUCC/lucc.html
keywords:	Deforestation

resource:	Geist, H.J. and Lambin, E.F. 2002. Proximate causes and underlying forces of tropical deforestation. BioScience 52(2):143-150.
title:	Proximate causes and underlying forces of tropical deforestation.
abstract:	Based on a meta-analysis of 152 sub-national case studies, this article summarizes the causes and drivers of deforestation.
keywords:	Deforestation

resource:	Houghton, R. A., Skole, D. L. and Lefkowitz, D. S. 1991. Changes in the landscape of Latin America between 1850 and 1985. Forest Ecology and Management 38:143-99.
title:	Changes in the landscape of Latin America between 1850 and 1985.
abstract:	A study of the 'Changes in the Landscape of Latin America between 1850 and 1985,' attributes deforestation to human settlement as evidenced by expansion of pasture, croplands, and shifting cultivation

resource:	Institutional Demographic and Biophysical Dimensions Of Forest Ecosystem Change In the Western Hemisphere.
title:	Institutional Demographic and Biophysical Dimensions Of Forest Ecosystem Change In the Western Hemisphere.
abstract:	This projects hopes to address three questions: How is human behavior at household and community levels linked to regional and global change processes? How can macro-scale physical processes observed and modeled at global level be linked to meso- and micro-level human organizational and decision-making processes? How do institutional arrangements influence the direction and size of the impact of human driving forces, such as population and road networks, on forest ecosystems and global change processes? A central focus of the research is to contribute to HDGC by developing theories and methods that enhance the community's ability to address scale issues. The project looks at three forest ecosystems and examines the role of institutions in bringing about differential outcomes in forest conditions through time.
URLs:	http://www.geo.ucl.ac.be/LUCC/research/endorsed/cipec/cipec.html

resource:	Kummer, D. M. 1992. Tropical deforestation: A literature review. In Deforestation in the postwar Philippines. Geography research paper no 234. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press
abstract:	Kummer briefly reviews many of the factors involved in deforestation.

resource:	Myers, N. 1980. Conversion of tropical moist forests: A report prepared for the Committee on Research Priorities in Tropical Biology of the National Research Council. Washington, D.C.:National Academy of Sciences.
title:	Conversion of tropical moist forests: A report prepared for the Committee on Research Priorities in Tropical Biology of the National Research Council.
abstract:	In this article, Chapter 3 covers the role of agriculture; Chapter 4, the timber trade; and Chapter 5, cattle raising. The report also offers a region by region review of the world'sforested areas.
URLs:	http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/docs/002-106/002-106a.html

resource:	Pfaff A. S. P. 1998. What Drives Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon? Evidence from Satellite and Socioeconomic Data. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 37:26-43.
title:	What Drives Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon? Evidence from Satellite and Socioeconomic Data.

resource:	Rudel, T. and Roper, J. 1997. The paths to rain forest destruction: crossnational patterns of tropical deforestation, 1975-1990. World Development 25(1):53-65.
title:	The paths to rain forest destruction: crossnational patterns of tropical deforestation, 1975-1990.
abstract:	Recently published crossnational data on tropical deforestation vary in quality, but with appropriate safeguards they can be used to analyze the causes of tropical deforestation. We use these data to assess the major explanations for tropical deforestation from 1975-90.
keywords:	Deforestation, Population

resource:	Southgate, D. 1990. The causes of land degradation along spontaneously expanding agricultural frontiers in the third world. Land Economics 66(1):93-101.
title:	The causes of land degradation along spontaneously expanding agricultural frontiers in the third world.
abstract:	Southgate concludes that deforestation-induced land degradation in developing countries is a direct result of land tenure systems that facilitate property-right acquisition in idle lands.
URLs:	http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/docs/002-408/002-408.html

resource:	Southgate, D. and Runge, C. F. 1990. The institutional origins of deforestation in Latin America. University of Minnesota, Department of Agriculture and Applied Economics. Staff paper no. P90-5. St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota.
title:	The institutional origins of deforestation in Latin America.
abstract:	Southgate and Runge reach a similar conclusion in this article as in "The Causes of Land Degradation along 'Spontaneously' Expanding Agricultural Frontiers in the Third World".
URLs:	http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/docs/002-407/002-407.html

resource:	The ecological component of an integrated Amazon study (also known as LBA): The effects of forest conversion.
abstract:	This 1995 document outlines a plan to study the ecological and biogeochemical consequences of land-use and land-cover changes in the Amazon. It seeks to answer the question of how tropical forest conversion and re-growth, and selective logging, influence carbon storage, nutrient dynamics, trace gas fluxes and surface water chemistry in the Amazon.
URLs:	http://www.lbaeco.org/lbaeco/invest/docs/reports/ManausReport/ManausReport1995.pdf

resource:	Turner, B. L., Moss, R. H. and Skole, D. L., (eds.). 1993. Relating land use and global land-cover change: A proposal for an IGBP-HDP core project. Report from the IGBP-HDP Working Group on Land-Use/Land-Cover Change. Joint publication of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (Report No. 24) and the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change Programme (Report No. 5). Stockholm: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
title:	Relating land use and global land-cover change: A proposal for an IGBP-HDP core project.
abstract:	The authors survey the many international programs and organizations that have expressed the need for addressing land-use and land-cover changes as a research priority.
URLs:	http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/docs/002-105/002-105.html

resource:	Wood, C., Sanderson, S. E. and Skole, D. Human dimensions of deforestation and regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon: Integrating data from satellites, demographic censuses and field surveys. From the Basic Science and Remote Sensing Initiative (BSRSI) website.
title:	Human dimensions of deforestation and regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon: Integrating data from satellites, demographic censuses and field surveys.
abstract:	This proposal hopes to link local land use dynamics to macro-scale driving forces that ultimately may influence policy directions that can alter human land use and cover relations. This project strives to link Basin-wide Landsat data on the Brazilian Amazon to Brazilian demographic census data as a means to explain the relationship of population to deforestation and develop methods to scale up from the local and regional analysis of human-induced deforestation to incorporate socio-economic variables that shape how humans interact with the land in the Amazon.
URLs:	http://www.bsrsi.msu.edu/overview/NASALUCC.html
keywords:	Deforestation, Remote_Sensing

References and Related Resources

Section 3.2 The Causes and Processes of Deforestation

Section 3.2 The Causes and Processes of Deforestation