To provide back-cast population count estimates at 30 arc-second (~1 km) resolution.

To provide back-cast population density estimates at 30 arc-second (~1 km) resolution.

To provide a global data set of average summer daytime maximum/nighttime minimum land surface temperatures (LSTs) for urban extents, as well as the LST difference between the urban area and the buffer.

To assess likely future areas of urban expansion up to the year 2030.

To provide a time series of raster population data for ntegration with other data sets.

To provide a raster representation of urban areas (or urban mask) for use with GRUMP population grids or other data sets.

To provide land area data for use with GRUMPv1 population and urban data as well as a quantitative measure of resolution of the input spatial units for GRUMPv1.

To provide a time series of raster population density data for data integration.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.