To provide an annual global surface of concentrations (micrograms per cubic meter) of mineral dust and sea-salt filtered fine particulate matter of 2.5 micrometers or smaller (PM2.5) in countries and urban areas for large-scale health and environmental research

To provide a polygon representation of urban areas with city or agglomeration name and time series population estimates.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To provide a global data set of average summer daytime maximum/nighttime minimum land surface temperatures (LSTs) for urban extents, as well as the LST difference between the urban area and the buffer.

To permit cartographic display of countries and territories that exactly match the GRUMPv1 population surfaces

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To permit cartographic display of coastlines that exactly match the GRUMPv1 population surfaces.