To provide a future development threat map based on combining these resources: agricultural expansion, urban expansion, conventional oil and gas, unconventional oil and gas, coal, mining, biofuels, solar, and wind.

To provide global urban, rural, and total population projection grids based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) data at a resolution of 1-km for climate, socioeconomic, environmental, and other related research.

To provide data that can be used in independent spatial statistical analyses, construction of development-related indices, or in combination with remote sensing data in order to identify spatio-temporal patterns and/or changes in different demographic categories, such as male, female, urban, rural, level of education, etc.

To provide estimates of population counts by age and sex for the year 2010, consistent with national censuses and population registers, as raster data to facilitate data integration.

To provide a vector (point) version of the input administrative units used in GPWv4 with population estimates, densities, 2010 basic demographic characteristics, and administrative name, area, and data context for use in data integration.

To provide estimates of population count for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, consistent with national censuses and population registers, as raster data to facilitate data integration.

To provide estimates of population density for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, based on counts consistent with national censuses and population registers with respect to relative spatial distribution, but adjusted to match United Nations country totals.

To provide a raster representation of nation-states in GPWv4 for use in aggregating population data.

To provide estimates of population count for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, consistent with national censuses and population registers with respect to relative spatial distribution, but adjusted to match United Nations country totals.

To provide estimates of population density for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, based on counts consistent with national censuses and population registers, as raster data to facilitate data integration.

To provide spatially explicit, historic, city-level population data from 3700 BC to AD 2000 for improved understanding of contemporary and historical urbanization trends.

To provide areas in the coastal zone of West Africa that may be particularly exposed to climate stressors owing to high population growth rates.

To provide areas in the coastal zone of West Africa that may be particularly exposed to climate stressors owing to high population density.

To provide areas in West Africa that may be particularly exposed to climate stressors owing to future high population growth.

To provide a polygon representation of urban areas with city or agglomeration name and time series population estimates.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To provide back-cast population count estimates at 30 arc-second (~1 km) resolution.

To provide back-cast population density estimates at 30 arc-second (~1 km) resolution.

To provide global urban, rural, and total population projection grids based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) data at a resolution of one-eighth degree (7.5 arc-minutes) for climate, socioeconomic, environmental, and other related research.

To provide gridded demographic data, including characteristics of age, race, ethnicity, and housing, for the United States and Puerto Rico for data integration.