To permit cartographic display of coastlines that exactly match the GRUMPv1 population surfaces.

To provide land area data for use with GRUMPv1 population and urban data as well as a quantitative measure of resolution of the input spatial units for GRUMPv1.

To permit the summation of population values by country/territory and, in combination with other data layers, the summation of population values by irregular areas represented in the other data layers and country/territory.

To permit cartographic display of countries and territories that exactly match the GRUMPv1 population surfaces

To provide a time series of raster population density data for data integration.

To provide a time series of raster population data for ntegration with other data sets.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To provide a polygon representation of urban areas with city or agglomeration name and time series population estimates.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To provide a raster representation of urban areas (or urban mask) for use with GRUMP population grids or other data sets.

To assess likely future areas of urban expansion up to the year 2030.

To provide global urban, rural, and total population projection grids based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) data at a resolution of one-eighth degree (7.5 arc-minutes) for climate, socioeconomic, environmental, and other related research.

To provide global urban, rural, and total population projection grids based on Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) data at a resolution of 1-km for climate, socioeconomic, environmental, and other related research.

To provide a global data set of average summer daytime maximum/nighttime minimum land surface temperatures (LSTs) for urban extents, as well as the LST difference between the urban area and the buffer.

To provide raster representations of global summer daytime maximum and nighttime minimum surface temperature for studies related to human health and climate change.

To serve a wide user community by providing composite Landsat images and raw data for urban areas that can be used in interdisciplinary studies of remote sensing and the environment.

To provide urban land use and informal settlements for the years 1982, 1992, 1998, and 2002 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

To provide high spatial resolution estimates of global urban extent derived from global 30m Landsat satellite data for the target year 2010 and a companion dataset to the Global Man-made Impervious Surface (GMIS) dataset.

To provide high spatial resolution estimates of global man-made imperviousness for the target year 2010, derived from global 30m Landsat satellite data and a companion dataset to the Global Human Built-up And Settlement Extent (HBASE) dataset.

To provide gridded demographic data, including characteristics of age, race, ethnicity, and housing, for metropolitan statistical areas at a finer resolution than is available in the 30 arc-second grids used for the United States as a whole.